Caribou are deer that have become highly
adapted to survival in regions of prolonged snow cover and low temperatures.
Unlike the
feet of most other deer, theirs have blunt toes, crescent-shaped sharp-edged
hooves and functional dewclaws. Also the toes bend almost horizontally
and in winter, the feet are covered by a dense growth of coarse hair
so that caribou can virtually "float" over the snow on little "bear
paw" snowshoes. Other distinctive adaptations to cold and snow
are a blunt, fully furred muzzle; valvular nostrils, short, heavily
furred ears; a short well furred tail and a compact body covered with
a thick coat of hollow guard hairs and a fine crinkly underfur. The
coat color of Porcupine Caribou is generally considerably darker than
those in the High Arctic and somewhat lighter than the woodland subspecies.
Porcupine Caribou are among the smaller sized of the North American
subspecies.